21 Taras

Die 21 Taras bilden in eigenes Tantra und entstammen drei Traditionen.

Traditionen der Darstellung

Sūryagupta

In der kashmirischen Sūryagupta - Tradition ist die Khadiravaṇi-Tārā von Mārīcī and Ekajaṭā begleitet[1]. Die 21 Taras sind ihre Emanationen. In dieser Übertragung unterscheiden sich die Taras nicht nur in Farbe und Körperhaltung, sondern auch in der Anzahl der Köpfe, Arme und Ornamente.

Atisha

Die Tradition von Nagarjuna und Atisha ist die bekannteste. Die 21 Taras unterscheiden sich hier nur in ihrem Lichtschein, der Farbe ihrer Körper und in einigen Fällen durch ihren kraftvoll-schützenden Dharmapala-Selbstausdruck.

  • Liste der 21 Atisha - Taras und ihre Funktionen.
  1. Nyurma Palmo 'Swift lady of glory' , to pacify hindrances and develop Bodhicitta.
  2. Shiwa Ch'enmo This Tara is to pacify external negative influences. In most lists, this second place is occupied by Saraswati. Also, in this list Shiwa Ch'enmo seems to recur at position 15. It is this which makes me wonder if this is an accurate text.
  3. Serdog Chen To develop wealth and longevity
  4. Namgyalma (Ushnisha) This is an important deity for all schools. Ushnisha, she who dwells on the topknot of the Buddhas, develops longevity and wealth. Her mantra has been published so I think i can give it to you. It is OM BHRUM SOHA (Ohm Dhrung Sowha).
  5. Kurukulla Also an important deity for all schools, though possibly more so for the Sarma ( New Translation) schools. Kurukulla is to develop one's capacity. Kurukulla also has a reputation for bringing sex partners. This makes some people do a great deal of Kurukulla practice. This is not really a good idea unless one does other, balancing practices, because it can lead to anxiety, agitation and nervousness. Anyway, Green Tara should bring one a partner, if desired.
  6. Jigten Sumle Nampar Gyalma : This Tara is to tame elemental spirits - local beings which can give us problems.
  7. Shen Jom-Ma :This Tara is to protect against magic and curses from human and non-human beings.
  8. Du Dra Jom Ma : This Tara is to give us victories.
  9. Jigpa Kunkhyob Ma : This Tara is to save us from all fears.
  10. Dudang Jigten Wangdu Dema  : This Tara is to protect against being confused by spirits.
  11. Norgyun (Basudarini) : This Tara is to remove poverty and bring wealth. Wealth practices always mention this deity.
  12. Tashi Donjedma : This Tara is to bring auspicious conditions, like good farming climate and many children and wealth and luck, to the area we live in. Because this mantra is for the good of all, I don't see why I shouldn't put it here: Om Tare Tutare Ture Mangalam Soha. 'Mangala' means a blessing or good omen.
  13. Metar Barma : This is to make people speak well of us and prevent verbal reputation problems.
  14. Tronyer Chen : This Tara is to suppress forces which may be trying to obstruct us (spirit forces)
  15. Shiwa Ch'enma : This deity is to purify and suppress the effects of one's own negative actions. This is a wonderful Tara to do.
  16. Sarasati : In this text, Saraswati is placed here.
  17. Jigten Sumyowa : This Tara is to pacify problems.
  18. Dugselma :This Tara purifies or neutralises the effects of poison. In the East, secret enemies often use poison - in fact, secret long-lasting poisons, not known to the West, are used. In one story, a practitioner was in a remote area of Bhutan and was invited to dinner at the house of some people he did not quite trust. So he used an anti- poison mantra when just about to taste the food, whereupon it turned black and burst into flames. In the West, we do not fear deliberate poisoning so much. However, we often fear food poisoning, and also sometimes we take substances that may harm us. This mantra is useful against these.
  19. Mip'ham Gyalmo : This Tara is absolutely wonderful. Her mantra averts quarrels and bad dreams. Try it next time you get into an argument! It is very swift and effective. I don't see any harm if I tell you this one: Om Tare Tutare Ture Motsana Soha.
  20. Selwe'i Drolma : This Tara is to remove pestilence. She is often evoked when plague strikes. Some people feel that it is somehow disrespectful to invoke her for a cold in the head or a drippy nose. Not at al. l As I say in Practice Notes, Tara should be invoked as often as possible and for every problem, no matter how small. Invoking Tara does not make us weak somehow. Every time we invoke Tara, we become more like her: more merciful and more wise.
  21. Tr'inle Tamche Yongsu Dzogpar Jepe'i Drolma : In most lists this place is occupied by Maritse. This Tara is to make all that we do perfect and complete. This Tara is also very wonderful to do.
Dorje Lingpa

Dorje Lingpa Tradition (Tibet)

Lerab Lingpa Tradition

Lerab Lingpa (Tibet)

Mingyur Dorje

Namcho Mingyur Dorje Tradition

Longchen Nyingtik

Longchen Nyingtik Tradition : Hier haben die Taras ein Gesicht und zwei Arme, wobei die rechte Hand und das rechte Bein vorgestreckt sind. In der linken Hand hat jede Tara eine Blume, die ihr symbolisches Atribut darstellt.

  1. Nyurma Palmo : 'Swift lady of glory' , to pacify hindrances and develop Bodhicitta.
  2. Saraswati (Yangchanma) This Tara is the patron of arts, music and learning. She is the consort of the Bodhisattva of wisdom, Manjushri.
  3. Serdog Chen To develop wealth and longevity
  4. Namgyalma (Ushnisha) This is an important deity for all schools. Ushnisha, she who dwells on the topknot of the Buddhas, develops longevity and wealth. Her mantra and mandala may be found here. Her mantra is OM BHRUM SOHA (Ohm Dhrung Sowha).
  5. Kurukulla Also an important deity for all schools, though possibly more so for the Sarma ( New Translation) schools. Kurukulla is to develop one's capacity and to make one attractive to beings
  6. Jigje Chenmo : This Tara is to tame elemental spirits - local beings which can give us problems.
  7. Tummo Mit'hubma This Tara protects us during storms - ordinary storms, and the storms of war and civil disorder.
  8. Zhan Migyelma This Tara is for when we have a problem with beings and people being aggressive towards us. She is to protect us.
  9. Khamsum Namgyelma This Tara is for when it is necessary for us to overcome something or have a victory
  10. Norgyun (Basudarini) This Tara is to remove poverty and bring wealth. Wealth practices always mention this deity. Her mantra is OM BASUDARINI SOHA (Ohm BA [as in back] soo dah ree nee Sowha). Or, Om Tare Tutare Ture Basudarini Svaha.
  11. Tashi Tamche Jinma (Tashi Donjedma) This Tara is to bring auspicious conditions, like good farming climate and many children and wealth and luck, to the area we live in.
  12. Wangjedma This Tara is used when it is necessary for us to have to fight or overcome someone.
  13. Lhamo Drapungjom this Tara is used to vercome negativity from the Eight classes.
  14. T'hronyer Chandzadma This Tara is to overcome fears.
  15. Rabzhima This Tara is to purify obstacles resulting from our negative actions and past karmas.
  16. Barwai od : This Tara is to remove curses and bad magics, either from humans or from other beings.
  17. Pagmed Nonma This Tara is to protect us while we are travelling
  18. Maja Chhenmo This Tara is to overcome poison.
  19. Mip'ham Gyalmo This Tara is to protect against illnesses.
  20. Rit'hrod Logyonma This Tara is to overcome illness
  21. Maritse (Osel Chenma, Hodser Chenma) Maritse is correlated with the goddess of the dawn. She is invoked at sunrise or at the start of a journey. She protects travellers; she guards against thieves. Also, if one's energy has been stolen by any being, she can get it back and restore it. Her mantra is OM MARI ZEYE SOHA (Ohm Marie Zahyay Sowha).
Choling

Choling Tradition

In der Nyingma - Tradition haben alle Taras ein Gesicht und zwei Armen . Einge Taras machen einen friedvollen Eindruck, andere einen kraftvoll schützenden.
In dem blauen Lotus, den sie in ihrer linken Hand halten finden sich Vasen, Ritualdolche, Dorjes und Schwerter.

Mantras

Die 21 Lobpreisungen der Tara wurden nach Drugpa Jetsen, dem Abt des Sakya Klosters, im elften Jahrhundert von Darmadra von Nyen von Indien nach Tibet gebracht.

Für die Anrufung der 21 Taras über eine Mala sind 21 Mantras in Gebrauch. Daneben finden andere[2] Verwendung.

Sie beginnen mit OM TARE TUTTARE TURE und haben jeweils einen spezifischen Anhang

OM TARE TUTTARE TURE b c d e f
1 WASHEN KURU SOHA ---
2 SHANTING KURU SOHA
3 PUSHTING KURU SOHA
4 AYUR JANA HRI DRUM SOHA
5 AKAR SHAY HRI SOHA
6 SAWA TUGUTE TSULU SOHA
7 BADA BOTONG WARANAYA CHO SOHA
8 AHMO KASHA THAM MARAYA HUM PE SOHA
9 NOPA SABA RAKYA PEM SOHA
10 SABAR MARA PAME DAYA HUM PEH SOHA
11 BASUDARI SOHA
12 NAKLAM PUSHTING KURU SOHA
13 PORTAYA BAMI KURU SOHA
14 BANZA MAHA PATAYA BAHMI KURU SOHA
15 SARWA PAH BUM THATA GANA YE SOHA
16 SARWA DHARMA PATE SHODAYA SOHA
17 SARWA TAMBAH NETE RAY SOHA
18 NAGA BIKA SHANTING KURU SOHA
19 MUDZA NAYA SOHA
20 BIZ ARAY SOHA
21 SAWA SIDDHI SOHA

Dazu auf :

Literatur

  • Praises to the 21 Taras
  • Khenchen Palden Sherab. The Smile of the Sun and Moon: A Commentary on the Praise to the Twenty-One Taras. Sky Dancer Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 2004; ISBN 1880975076
  • 21 Taras (jpg)

Referenzen

  1. ↑ http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/The_Twenty-one_Taras
  2. ↑ http://www.dorjeshugden.com/forum/index.php?topic=1373.5;wap2 Mantras

Weblinks

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